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Genome Analysis of a Natural Hybrid with 2 n = 63 Chromosomes in the Genus Elytrigia Desv. (Poaceae) Using the GISH Technique
Author(s) -
Refoufi A.,
Jahier J.,
Esnault M.A.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
plant biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.871
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1438-8677
pISSN - 1435-8603
DOI - 10.1055/s-2001-16463
Subject(s) - biology , genome , genetics , chromosome , ploidy , genome evolution , genomic organization , genome size , gene
Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), using genomic DNA probes from Thinopyrum elongatum (E genome, 2 n = 14), Th. bessarabicum (J genome, 2 n = 14), Pseudoroegneria stipifolia (S genome, 2 n = 14), Agropyron cristatum (P genome, 2 n = 28) and Critesion californicum (H genome, 2 n = 14), was used to identify the genome constitution of a natural hybrid population morphologically close to Elytrigia pycnantha and with somatic chromosome number of 2 n = 63. The GISH results indicated the presence of a chromosomal set more or less closely related to the E, P, S and H genomes. In particular, two sets of 14 chromosomes each showed close affinity to the E genome of Th. elongatum and to the P genome of A. cristatum. However, they included 2 and 10 mosaic chromosomes, respectively, with S genome specific sequences at their centromeric regions. Two additional sets (28 chromosomes) appeared to be very closely related to the S genome of Ps. stipifolia. The last genome involved (7 chromosomes) is related to the H genome of C. californicum but includes one chromosome with S genome‐specific sequences around the centromere and two other chromosomes with a short interstitial segment also containing S genome related sequences. On a basis of GISH analysis and literature data, it is hypothesized that the natural 9‐ploid hybrid belongs to the genus Elytrigia and results from fertilization of an unreduced gamete (n = 42) of E. pycnantha and a reduced gamete (n = 21) of E. repens. The genomic formula SSSSP S P S E S E S H S is proposed to describe its particular genomic and chromosomal composition.