Open AccessHigh-Flow Nasal Cannula versus Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Critical Bronchiolitis: A Randomized Controlled Pilot
Author(s) -
Regina Grigolli Cesar,
Bibiane Ramos Pinheiro Bispo,
Priscilla Helena Costa Alves Felix,
Maria Carolina Caparica Modolo,
Andréia Aparecida Freitas Souza,
Nelson Horigoshi,
Alexandre T. Rotta
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of pediatric intensive care
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2146-4618
pISSN - 2146-4626
DOI - 10.1055/s-0040-1709656
Subject(s) - medicine , nasal cannula , continuous positive airway pressure , bronchiolitis , anesthesia , intubation , cannula , positive pressure , positive airway pressure , intensive care unit , randomized controlled trial , respiratory failure , surgery , respiratory system , intensive care medicine , obstructive sleep apnea
We conducted a randomized controlled pilot study in infants with critical bronchiolitis ( n = 63) comparing high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC, n = 35) to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP, n = 28). The primary outcome was treatment failure, defined as the need for bilevel positive pressure ventilation or endotracheal intubation. Treatment failure occurred in 10 patients (35.7%) in the CPAP group and 13 patients (37.1%) in the HFNC group ( p = 0.88). Pediatric intensive care unit length of stay was similar between the CPAP and HFNC groups (5 [4-7] days and 5 [4-8] days, p = 0.46, respectively). In this pilot study, treatment with HFNC resulted in a rate of treatment failure similar to CPAP.