Recurrent deep‐vein thrombosis based on homozygous factor V Leiden mutation acquired after liver transplantation

Several genetic liver diseases can be treated by liver transplantation (LT). However, some genetic defects also may be acquired by this procedure. We describe a patient who developed recurrent deep‐vein thromboses after LT for hepatitis C virus‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the basis of a homozygous Leiden mutation of the factor V gene in the donor liver. Liver donors with a history of venous thrombosis should be screened for the presence of activated protein C (APC) resistance. In addition, we recommend looking for APC resistance in liver recipients who develop venous thromboembolic disease in the post‐LT course. Molecular analysis of donor tissue may be necessary to make a definite diagnosis of factor V Leiden mutation in these patients. As a consequence, intensified postoperative thromboprophylaxis or lifelong anticoagulant therapy may be necessary if this thrombophilic gene defect is detected. ( Liver Transpl 2003;9:870‐873. )