Open AccessSize optimisation of silver nanoparticles synthesised by gallic acid using the response surface methodology
Author(s) -
Ahani Mina,
Khatibzadeh Marziyeh
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
micro and nano letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.25
H-Index - 31
ISSN - 1750-0443
DOI - 10.1049/mnl.2019.0780
Subject(s) - dynamic light scattering , particle size , response surface methodology , silver nitrate , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , silver nanoparticle , analytical chemistry (journal) , materials science , scanning electron microscope , spectroscopy , nanoparticle , transmission electron microscopy , particle (ecology) , nuclear chemistry , ultraviolet visible spectroscopy , chemistry , chemical engineering , nanotechnology , chromatography , organic chemistry , physics , composite material , oceanography , quantum mechanics , geology , engineering
This work reports the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Ag nitrate (AgNO 3 ) using the gallic acid (GA) as a green methodology without utilisation of hazardous chemicals. The effects of variables such as AgNO 3 concentration, GA concentration, and pH on the average particle size of AgPs were optimised through response surface methodology based on the central composite design at three levels to obtain the desired response, i.e. minimum average particle size. The formation of AgNPs at each experiment was characterised by ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy and the average particle size was measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). To evaluate the significance of factors on the response and their quantitative effects, analysis of variance was carried out. The results indicated that the pH was the most effective factor on the response. The AgNPs synthesised at optimised conditions (5.42 mM of AgNO3, 6.25 mM of GA, and pH = 9.02) were characterised by X‐ray diffraction, DLS, field‐emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X‐ray, transmission electron microscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. On the basis of the DLS, the average particle size of AgNPs obtained 8 nm, which was in satisfactory agreement with the predicted value (7.51 nm) by model.