
Multi‐level stable and energy‐efficient clustering protocol in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
Author(s) -
Farouk Fifi,
Rizk Rawya,
Zaki Fayez W.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
iet wireless sensor systems
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.433
H-Index - 27
ISSN - 2043-6394
DOI - 10.1049/iet-wss.2014.0051
Subject(s) - wireless sensor network , cluster analysis , protocol (science) , computer science , computer network , efficient energy use , key distribution in wireless sensor networks , wireless network , distributed computing , wireless , telecommunications , engineering , medicine , artificial intelligence , electrical engineering , alternative medicine , pathology
Classical clustering protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) assume that all nodes are equipped with the same amount of energy. As a result, they cannot take full advantage of the presence of node heterogeneity. In this study, a stable and energy‐efficient clustering (SEEC) protocol for heterogeneous WSNs is proposed. In addition, the extension to multi‐level of SEEC is presented. It depends on the network structure that is divided into clusters. Each cluster has a powerful advanced node and some normal nodes deployed randomly in this cluster. In the multi‐level architectures, more powerful supper nodes are assigned to cover distant sensing areas. Each type of nodes has its role in the sensing, aggregation or transmission to the base station. At each level of heterogeneity, the optimum number of powerful nodes that achieves the minimum energy consumption of the network is obtained. The proposed protocol is a heterogeneous awareness to prolong the stability period, which is crucial for many applications. The performance of the proposed protocol is compared by existing homogeneous and heterogeneous protocols. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol provides a longer stability period, more energy efficiency and higher average throughput than the existing protocols.