Open AccessTwo‐stage spoken term detection system for under‐resourced languages
Author(s) -
G Deekshitha,
Mary Leena
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
iet signal processing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.384
H-Index - 42
ISSN - 1751-9683
DOI - 10.1049/iet-spr.2019.0131
Subject(s) - computer science , matching (statistics) , template matching , feature (linguistics) , false positive paradox , term (time) , spoken language , artificial intelligence , speech recognition , query by example , natural language processing , process (computing) , dynamic time warping , pattern matching , pattern recognition (psychology) , search engine , image (mathematics) , information retrieval , mathematics , physics , quantum mechanics , web search query , operating system , linguistics , statistics , philosophy
Spoken Term Detection (STD) is the process of locating the occurrences of spoken queries in a given speech database. Generally, two methods are adopted for STD: an ASR based sequence matching and ASR‐free, feature‐based template matching. If a well‐performing ASR is available, the former STD method is accurate. However, to build an ASR with consistent performance, several hours of labelled corpora is required. Template matching methods work well for small or chopped utterances. However, in practice, the volume of the search database can be huge, containing sentences of varying lengths. Hence time complexity of template matching techniques will be high, which makes them impractical for realistic search applications. In this work, a two‐stage STD system is proposed, which combines the ASR‐based phoneme sequence matching in the first stage and feature sequence template matching of selected locations in the second stage. The time complexity of the second stage is reduced by performing DTW‐based template matching only at probable query locations identified by the first stage. ‘Split and match’ approach helps to reduce the false‐positives in case of longer query words. Effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated using English and Malayalam datasets.