Open AccessFrequency tuned Minkowski island fractals RHCP antenna optimised for three‐band GPS receiver
Author(s) -
Cao Thanh Nghia,
Krzysztofik Wojciech Jan
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
iet microwaves, antennas and propagation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.555
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 1751-8733
pISSN - 1751-8725
DOI - 10.1049/iet-map.2019.0072
Subject(s) - fractal antenna , hfss , antenna (radio) , standing wave ratio , optics , return loss , radiation pattern , global positioning system , physics , microwave , acoustics , antenna factor , electrical engineering , telecommunications , microstrip antenna , engineering
This study presents an antenna design that operates at the three bands of the Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. The optimised Minkowski island fractal structure combined with the central window is used to design the radiation surface to reduce the size and adjust the resonance frequencies of the antenna. The antenna was designed, and simulated by HFSS computer code, and was fabricated on microwave laminate FR4‐epoxy by fast laser prototyping. The resulting fractal antenna has been operating at three GPS‐bands: f L2 = 1.227, f L5 = 1.176, and f L1 = 1.575 GHz, with return loss S 11 < −15 dB, bandwidths BW > 21.5 MHz, for VSWR < 2, at 50‐Ω input impedance, the power gains ∼2.4, 2.85, and 4.2 dBi, and axial ratio of right‐handed circular polarisation 1.5, 03, and 06 dB at f L5 , f L2, and f L1 , respectively. The simulated and experimental results agree favourable.