Open AccessScheduling of grid‐tied battery energy storage system participating in frequency response services and energy arbitrage
Author(s) -
Mantar Gundogdu Burcu,
Gladwin Dan T.,
Nejad Shahab,
Stone David Andrew
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
iet generation, transmission and distribution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.92
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1751-8695
pISSN - 1751-8687
DOI - 10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.6690
Subject(s) - demand response , computer science , arbitrage , grid , scheduling (production processes) , energy storage , electricity , revenue , electricity market , automatic frequency control , frequency response , reliability engineering , electrical engineering , engineering , telecommunications , power (physics) , finance , operations management , economics , physics , geometry , mathematics , quantum mechanics
Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are widely used to smooth power fluctuations and maintain the voltage and frequency of the power feeder at a desired level. The National Grid Electricity Transmission (NGET), the primary electricity transmission network operator in the UK, has introduced various frequency response services that are designed to provide a real‐time response to deviations in the grid frequency. In this study, a control algorithm is developed which generates a charge/discharge power output with respect to deviations in the grid frequency and the requisite service specifications. Using historical UK electricity prices, a new balancing service scheduling approach has also been developed to maximise energy arbitrage revenue by layering different types of balancing services throughout the day. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm delivers both dynamic and non‐dynamic firm frequency response and also an enhanced frequency response to NGET specifications while generating arbitrage revenue as well as service availability payments in the balancing market. A comparative study is also presented to compare the yearly arbitrage revenue obtained from the work presented in this study and a previous reference study. Finally,, experimental results of a grid‐tied 2 MW/1 MWh BESS have been used for verification purposes.