Open AccessMulti‐objective optimal design of an axial‐flux permanent‐magnet wheel motor for electric scooters
Author(s) -
Yang YeePien,
Lee ChungHan,
Hung PoChang
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
iet electric power applications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.815
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1751-8679
pISSN - 1751-8660
DOI - 10.1049/iet-epa.2013.0026
Subject(s) - torque ripple , torque , torque density , automotive engineering , electric motor , magnet , optimal design , engineering , electric vehicle , direct torque control , process (computing) , driving cycle , air gap (plumbing) , control theory (sociology) , computer science , induction motor , mechanical engineering , electrical engineering , voltage , physics , power (physics) , materials science , artificial intelligence , operating system , control (management) , quantum mechanics , machine learning , thermodynamics , composite material
This study proposes a systematic process of a multi‐objective optimal design of an axial‐flux permanent‐magnet motor for electric scooters. The preliminary design uses a zero‐dimensional (0D) model to determine the number of slots and poles and initial sizes of the motor according to the driving requirements of the scooter. The optimal design process uses a 1D magnetic circuit model with an effective air‐gap distribution function, whereas searching for a set of motor parameters that minimise or maximise motor performance indices such as torque, torque density and torque ripple. The final design is verified and refined by the 3D finite element method. The resulting prototype motor features high torque density of 8.94 Nm/kg and electronic gearshifts between low and high gears. According to their efficiency maps, the driving‐cycle efficiency is estimated as 57% for the electric scooter to operate on the driving cycle ECE‐40.