Open AccessSimple and accurate SEP approximation of hexagonal‐QAM in AWGN channel and its application in parametric α − μ , η − μ , κ − μ fading, and log‐normal shadowing
Author(s) -
Sadhwani Dharmendra,
Yadav Ram Narayan,
Aggarwal Supriya,
Raghuvanshi Deepak Kumar
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
iet communications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.355
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1751-8636
pISSN - 1751-8628
DOI - 10.1049/iet-com.2017.1007
Subject(s) - additive white gaussian noise , fading , quadrature amplitude modulation , parametric statistics , gaussian quadrature , qam , gaussian , algorithm , numerical integration , mathematics , channel (broadcasting) , computer science , telecommunications , statistics , mathematical analysis , physics , bit error rate , decoding methods , integral equation , nyström method , quantum mechanics
In this study, the authors propose a simple yet tighter approximations for the special two‐dimensional Gaussian Q functions using the Trapezoidal rule of numerical integration. This enables a simplified and accurate symbol error probability (SEP) approximation of the hexagonal‐quadrature amplitude modulation (HQAM) in additive white Gaussian noise channel. The proposed approximation further simplifies the SEP calculation of HQAM in parametric α − μ , η − μ , and κ − μ fading distributions. Also, the SEP of HQAM over log‐normal shadowing is calculated in this study. The accuracy of the analytical framework is verified using computer simulations.