Open AccessChallenges to adopting adiabatic circuits for systems‐on‐a‐chip
Author(s) -
Rengarajan Krishnan S.,
Mondal Saroj,
Kapre Ravindra
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iet circuits, devices and systems
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.251
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1751-8598
pISSN - 1751-858X
DOI - 10.1049/cds2.12053
Subject(s) - adiabatic circuit , cmos , electronic circuit , electronic engineering , adiabatic process , computer science , logic gate , pass transistor logic , offset (computer science) , topology (electrical circuits) , electrical engineering , logic family , engineering , logic synthesis , physics , digital electronics , programming language , thermodynamics
Adiabatic complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) circuits have been proposed as a low‐power option for CMOS systems‐on‐a‐chip (SoCs) but have not gained popularity due to practical difficulties in scaling to millions of gates. The architecture of a pipeline of stages with slow‐transitioning clock phases demands the generation and distribution of clock phases precisely and efficiently. This power must be more than offset by the power saved by using adiabatic circuits. The problems in adiabatic logic circuits are described, and solutions are proposed to address them. Three published topologies are considered, namely positive‐feedback adiabatic logic (PFAL), two‐level adiabatic logic (2‐LAL) and clocked adiabatic logic in 40 nm CMOS technology at 100 MHz. New circuit ideas for complete level restore in PFAL and avoidance of floating nodes in 2‐LAL are presented. The problem with 2‐LAL multi‐input gates is published and solved for the first time here using a modified PFAL. The conclusion is that a 3X power savings in PFAL is about the best that can be achieved in an SoC context—a low return given the required investments in area and complexity. This should motivate the future discovery of more efficient solutions.