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Role of Compact Node and Posterior Extension in Direction‐Dependent Changes in Atrioventricular Nodal Function in Rabbit
Author(s) -
CLAUDE REID MARIE,
BILLETTE JACQUES,
KHALIFE KARIM,
TADROS RAFIK
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.193
H-Index - 138
eISSN - 1540-8167
pISSN - 1045-3873
DOI - 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.03382.x
Subject(s) - ablation , nodal , atrioventricular node , effective refractory period , medicine , anatomy , cardiology , refractory period , tachycardia
AV nodal conduction properties differ in the anterograde versus the retrograde direction. The underlying substrate remains unclear. We propose that direction‐dependent changes in AV nodal function are the net result of those occurring in the slow and fast pathways. Methods and Results: Anterograde and retrograde AV nodal properties were determined with a premature protocol before and after posterior extension (slow pathway) ablation, and before and after upper compact node (fast pathway) ablation. Each ablation was performed in a different group of six rabbit heart preparations. In control, nodal minimum conduction time (NCTmin) and effective refractory period (ERPN) typically were longer, and maximum conduction time (NCTmax) was shorter in the retrograde compared to the anterograde direction. Posterior extension ablation prolonged anterograde ERPN from 91 ± 10 ms to 141 ± 15 ms (P < 0.01) and shortened NCTmax from 150 ± 13 ms to 82 ± 7 ms (P < 0.01) but did not affect retrograde conduction. Thus, the posterior extension normally contributes to the anterograde but not retrograde recovery curve. Compact node ablation prolonged anterograde conduction (NCTmin increased from 57 ± 2 ms to 73 ± 7 ms, P < 0.01) but did not alter ERPN and NCTmax. This ablation abolished retrograde conduction in two preparations and resulted in retrograde slow pathway conduction in four, the latter being interrupted by posterior extension ablation. Thus, the compact node accounts for the baseline of the recovery curve in both directions. Ablation of the compact node results in anterograde slow pathway conduction over the entire cycle length range and may result in retrograde slow pathway conduction. Conclusion: Direction‐dependent properties of the AV node arise from those of the compact node‐based fast pathway and posterior extension‐based slow pathway. Normal AV node has bidirectional dual pathways. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. 1342‐1350, December 2003)