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Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of intranasal DDAVP administered to normal blood donors
Author(s) -
Palmer D.S.,
Nair R.C.,
Rock G.
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28488265255.x
Subject(s) - cryoprecipitate , medicine , placebo , nasal administration , liter , vasopressin , anesthesia , pharmacology , fibrinogen , alternative medicine , pathology
A study of the efficacy and safety of intranasal 1‐deamino‐8‐D‐arginine vasopressin (DDAVP; 300 μg) in normal blood donors was carried out in a double‐blind, controlled, comparative study. In addition, the effect of heparin or citrate anticoagulation of blood on the recovery of factor VIII (FVIII) in plasma, cryoprecipitate, and a FVIII concentrate was assessed. Citrated plasma from placebo (CP) or DDAVP‐treated donors (CD) contained 1103 ± 73 and 1470 ± 141 units per liter of FVIII, respectively (p < 0.01), whereas the heparinized plasma from placebo (HP) or DDAVP‐treated donors (HD) contained 1328 ± 130 (p < 0.01) and 2023 ± 358 units per liter (p < 0.01), respectively. The FVIII could be recovered in both cryoprecipitate and cold‐reprecipitated cryoprecipitate (CRC) fractions. DDAVP treatment improved FVIII recovery by 41 percent in the concentrate from citrated plasma (p < 0.01) and by 127 percent in that from heparinized plasma (p < 0.01). The specific activity of concentrates from the CP, CD, HP, and HD groups was 0.95 ± 0.1, 1.4 ± 0.1 (p < 0.01), 0.9 ± 0.1, and 1.47 ± 0.2 U per mg of protein (p < 0.01), respectively. The stability of the final product was the same, regardless of the method of treatment or collection. The side effects of intranasal treatment were mild and transient and occurred with similar frequency in both placebo and DDAVP treatment groups. The results demonstrate that the stimulation of donors with DDAVP and the use of heparin anticoagulant provide a safe and effective means of achieving significant increases of FVIII in purified concentrates.