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PRODUCTION OF 7‐DEOXY‐OKADAIC ACID BY A NEW CALEDONIAN STRAIN OF PROROCENTRUM LIMA (DINOPHYCEAE)
Author(s) -
Holmes Michael James,
Lee Fu Chin,
Khoo Hong Woo,
Teo Serena Lay Ming
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of phycology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.85
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1529-8817
pISSN - 0022-3646
DOI - 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2001.037002280.x
Subject(s) - okadaic acid , biology , diarrhetic shellfish poisoning , chromatography , biochemistry , marine toxin , high performance liquid chromatography , phosphatase , toxin , enzyme , chemistry
7‐Deoxy‐okadaic acid and okadaic acid were identified as the major diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins produced by a New Caledonian strain of Prorocentrum lima Ehrenberg. Dinophysistoxin‐1 was not produced by this strain. The cellular concentrations of 7‐deoxy‐okadaic acid were about one tenth that of okadaic acid and were maximal (∼1.4 pg·cell − 1 ) during the stationary growth phase of batch culture. Autolytic hydrolysis of cell extracts did not increase the concentrations of 7‐deoxy‐okadaic acid, whereas okadaic acid production increased more than 4‐fold, indicating that 7‐deoxy‐okadaic acid, unlike okadaic acid, is not directly derived from large sulfated precursors. 7‐Deoxy‐okadaic acid could be detected by liquid chromatography‐selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry, HPLC‐fluorescence detection after derivatization with 9‐anthryldiazomethane (ADAM), and inhibition of protein phosphatases. The solvent washes currently used for solid‐phase clean‐up of ADAM‐derivatized DSP samples elute derivatized 7‐deoxy‐okadaic acid, indicating that the current sample clean‐up protocol for HPLC‐fluorescence detection would miss any contamination by this toxin.