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PHYLOGENY OF THE BANGIOPHYCIDAE (RHODOPHYTA) AND THE SECONDARY ENDOSYMBIOTIC ORIGIN OF ALGAL PLASTIDS
Author(s) -
Oliveira M. C.,
Bhattacharya D.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
journal of phycology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.85
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1529-8817
pISSN - 0022-3646
DOI - 10.1046/j.1529-8817.1999.00001-155.x
Subject(s) - biology , plastid , haptophyte , polyphyly , botany , paraphyly , phylogenetics , monophyly , phylogenetic tree , ribosomal dna , algae , evolutionary biology , chloroplast , clade , ecology , genetics , gene , nutrient , phytoplankton
The Rhodophyta are composed of the subclasses Bangiophycidae and Florideophycidae. Two evolutionarily interesting features of the Bangiophycidae are: (1) they are the ancestral pool from which the more morphologically complex taxa in the Florideophycidae have arisen and (2) they are the sources of the plastids, through secondary endosymbioses, for the Cryptophyta, Haptophyta, and the Heterokonta. To understand Bangiophycidae phylogeny and to gain further insights into red algal secondary endosymbioses, we sequenced the plastid‐encoded small subunit ribosomal DNA coding region (ssu rDNA) from nine members of this subclass and from two members of the Florideophycidae. Phylogenetic analyses were performed with other red algal plus chlorophyll a + c algal plastid ssu rDNA coding regions. Our results are consistent with a monophyletic origin of the Florideophycidae forming a sister group of the Bangiales. The Bangiophycidae is of a paraphyletic origin, and orders such as the Porphyridiales polyphyletic and distributed over three independent red algal lineages. The plastids of the heterokonts are most closely related to members of the Cyanidium ‐ Galdieria group of Porphyridiales and are not directly related to cryptophyte and haptophyte plastids. The phylogenies provide strong evidence for the independent origins of these “complex” algal plastids from different members of the Bangiophycidae.