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Effects of Ethylene Oxide and Steam Sterilization on Dialysis‐Induced Cytokine Release by Cuprophan Membrane
Author(s) -
Aucella Filippo,
Vigilante Mimmo,
Gatta Giuseppe,
Grandone Elvira,
Colaizzo Donatella,
Margaglione Maurizio,
Modoni Sergio,
Stallone Carmine
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
artificial organs
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1525-1594
pISSN - 0160-564X
DOI - 10.1046/j.1525-1594.2002.06886_1.x
Subject(s) - ethylene oxide , sterilization (economics) , chemistry , hemodialysis , cytokine , basal (medicine) , medicine , nuclear chemistry , pharmacology , chromatography , monetary economics , copolymer , foreign exchange market , insulin , polymer , organic chemistry , economics , foreign exchange
The effects of sterilization modalities on dialysis‐induced cytokine release are still unknown. To investigate these effects, 8 patients on chronic hemodialysis were enrolled for evaluating at different intervals interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) production (pg/ml/10 6 ). They were using a 1.3 m 2 ethylene oxide (E3) or steam (E3S) sterilized Cuprophan membrane. The patients underwent a basal test with E3 (A1) and 2 following tests after 1 (B1) and 2 (B2) months of E3S treatment, respectively. Finally, the last test was performed 1 month after the switch to E3 (A2). Il‐1β predialysis release by mononuclear cells was 162 ± 114 pg/ml/10 6 in A1, 185 ± 129 pg/ml/10 6 in B1, and 226 ± 138 pg/ml/10 6 in B2, then decreased to 123 ± 134 in A2 (p < 0.07). Il‐1β postdialysis levels were 234 ± 238 pg/ml/10 6 in A1, 429 ± 285 pg/ml/10 6 (B1), and 438 ± 473 pg/ml/10 6 (B2) with the steam membrane, decreasing to 204 ± 134 pg/ml/10 6 in A2 (p < 0.01). TNF‐α predialysis basal release (A1) was 826 ± 817 pg/ml/10 6 , 720 ± 496 in B1, and 1079 ± 515 pg/ml/10 6 in B2, and finally 680 ± 588 pg/ml/10 6 in A2 (p < 0.03). In postdialysis TNF‐α levels were 963 ± 542 pg/ml/10 6 in A1, 1,226 ± 541 pg/ml/10 6 , and 1,183 ± 776 in B1 and B2 respectively, and 388 ± 297 pg/ml/10 6 in A2 (p < 0.003). Steam sterilization seems to induce a higher cytokine release by mononuclear cells when a Cuprophan membrane is used. This finding may be related to a less physiologic action of the steam in the case of Cuprophan membranes. Further studies are needed to clarify this hypothesis.