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The flow of surface‐derived fluids through Alice Springs age middle‐crustal ductile shear zones, Reynolds Range, central Australia
Author(s) -
Ian Cartwright,
Buick
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of metamorphic geology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.639
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1525-1314
pISSN - 0263-4929
DOI - 10.1046/j.1525-1314.1999.00205.x
Subject(s) - geology , shear zone , greenschist , shear (geology) , crust , metasomatism , metamorphic facies , fluid inclusions , geochemistry , geomorphology , petrology , seismology , metamorphism , facies , tectonics , hydrothermal circulation , mantle (geology) , structural basin
The south‐east Reynolds Range, central Australia, is cut by steep north‐west‐trending Alice Springs age ( c. 334 Ma) shear zones that are up to hundreds of metres wide and several kilometres long with reverse senses of movement. Amphibolite facies (550–600 °C, 500–600 MPa) shear zones cut metapelites, while greenschist facies shear zones (420–535 °C, 400–650 MPa) cut metagranites. The sheared rocks commonly underwent metasomatism implying that the shear zones were the pathways of significant fluid flow. Altered granites within greenschist facies shear zones have gained Si and K but lost Ca and Na relative to their unsheared counterparts, suggesting that the fluid flowed down‐temperature (and hence probably upward) through the shear zones. Time‐integrated fluid fluxes calculated from silica addition are up to 2.1×10 10 mol m −2 ( c. 4.2×10 5 m 3 m −2 ). Similar time‐integrated fluid fluxes are also estimated from changes in K and Na. The sheared granitic rocks locally have δ 18 O values as low as 0 which is much lower than the δ 18 O values of the adjacent unsheared granites (7 to 9), implying that the fluid which flowed through these shear zones was derived from the surface. For the estimated time‐integrated fluid fluxes, the fluids would be able to retain their isotopic signature for many tens to hundreds of kilometres. The flow of surface‐derived fluids into the ductile middle crust, with subsequent expulsion upwards through the shear zones, may have been driven by seismic activity accompanying the Alice Springs deformation.