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Microenvironment and stem properties of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal cells
Author(s) -
BIANCHI GIORDANO,
MURAGLIA ANITA,
DAGA ANTONIO,
CORTE GIORGIO,
CANCEDDA RANIERI,
QUARTO RODOLFO
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
wound repair and regeneration
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.847
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1524-475X
pISSN - 1067-1927
DOI - 10.1046/j.1524-475x.2001.00460.x
Subject(s) - stromal cell , reprogramming , microbiology and biotechnology , bone marrow , clinical uses of mesenchymal stem cells , mesenchymal stem cell , stem cell , regenerative medicine , biology , induced pluripotent stem cell , cellular differentiation , adult stem cell , stem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repair , immunology , cell , embryonic stem cell , cancer research , genetics , gene
Adult stem cells are self‐renewing, pluripotent, and able to repopulate the tissue in which they reside. Cells endowed with these properties have been isolated from several tissues and an increasing number of reports provide evidence of their ability, following transplantation, to engraft host tissues other than those of their origin. In this setting, interest in the well‐documented capacity of bone marrow stromal cells to undergo multilineage differentiation is growing. Neural and cardiomyogenic lineages have recently been proposed as additional differentiative pathways of these cells. However, culture conditions and inductive molecules can alter the behavior of bone marrow stromal cells and the microenvironment is critical for proper in vivo delivery. The maintenance of their stem properties and the possibility of reprogramming their commitment is a field of primary interest given the potential use of these cells in regenerative medicine. We discuss here how the microenvironmental cues, and the growth factors that physiologically govern commitment and subsequent differentiation, influence the properties of bone marrow stromal cells and modulate their engraftment into host tissues.