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Macrophage colony‐stimulating factor induces indirect angiogenesis in vivo
Author(s) -
Phillips Gregg D.,
Aukerman Sharon L.,
Whitehead Russell A.,
Knighton David R.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
wound repair and regeneration
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.847
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1524-475X
pISSN - 1067-1927
DOI - 10.1046/j.1524-475x.1993.10104.x
Subject(s) - angiogenesis , neovascularization , inflammation , macrophage , in vivo , cytokine , vascular endothelial growth factor , immunology , chemistry , biology , pathology , in vitro , cancer research , medicine , vegf receptors , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology
The cytokine macrophage colony‐stimulating factor was implanted in the rabbit cornea over a wide dose range (1 ng to 100 µg) to assay its angiogenic activity in vivo. Neovascularization occurred in a dose‐dependent manner, and maximum angiogenesis occurred only with 100 µg. Histologic analysis revealed that the corneas were free of inflammation at the lower doses, but had slight inflammation at 50 and 100 µg. Nonspecific esterase staining of frozen sections and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the inflammatory cells were predominantly macrophages, with very few neutrophils present. This association of capillary formation with inflammation suggests an indirect mechanism of angiogenesis. The lack of neutrophils within the inflammatory cell infiltrate demonstrates that indirect angiogenesis can proceed without the local presence of neutrophils. This distinguishes macrophage colony‐stimulating factor from other indirect‐acting angiogenesis factors that have been identified to date.