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LPS and IL‐1α increase endogenous morphine production in mollusk Mytilus edulis pedal ganglia
Author(s) -
Zhu W.,
Cadet P.,
Stefano G. B.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1046/j.1471-4159.81.s1.18_7.x
Subject(s) - mytilus , morphine , metabolite , incubation , chemistry , lipopolysaccharide , endogeny , mussel , biology , pharmacology , endocrinology , biochemistry , fishery
We have found that morphine and its metabolite, morphine‐6‐glucuronide, are endogenously produced in the ganglionic tissue of the marine mollusk Mytilus edulis . Stress, such as cold and starvation, appears to regulate the production of these opiate alkaloids. In order to determine which signals can trigger the release and possible synthesis of morphine in the mussel, we incubated dissected ganglia with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin one alpha (IL‐1α). Using solid phase extraction, HPLC, RIA and mass spectrometry, we have found both compounds are able to increase morphine production at the micromole level. At 24 h post incubation, morphine reaches its highest level for LPS (42.63 ± 3.81 ng/mL) and IL‐1α (31.57 ± 6.24 ng/mL) respectly. These results are comparable to the data found in rats.