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Constitutively and autonomously active protein kinase C associated with 14‐3‐3 ζ in the rodent brain
Author(s) -
Dai JianGuo,
Murakami Kentaro
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01254.x
Subject(s) - protein kinase c , diacylglycerol kinase , microbiology and biotechnology , synaptic plasticity , biology , gene isoform , kinase , phosphorylation , neuroscience , chemistry , biochemistry , receptor , gene
Persistent activation of protein kinase C (PKC) is required for the expression of synaptic plasticity in the brain. There are several mechanisms proposed that can lead to the prolonged activation of PKC. These include long lasting production of lipid activators (diacylglycerol and fatty acid) through mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway, and a modification of PKC by reactive oxygen species. In nerve growth factor (NGF)‐differentiated PC12 cells, we found that constitutive and autonomous Ca 2+ ‐independent PKC activity is associated with 14‐3‐3 ζ. Because PKC and 14‐3‐3 ζ are both involved in synaptic plasticity and learning and memory, we examined whether PKC interacts with 14‐3‐3 ζ in the brain and whether the PKC/14‐3‐3 ζ complex has autonomous activity. Here we show that three subclasses of PKC, Ca 2+ ‐dependent classical PKC, Ca 2+ ‐independent novel PKC, and Ca 2+ ‐independent and diacylglycerol‐insensitive atypical PKC, all interact with 14‐3‐3 ζ in the rodent brain. The pool size of 14‐3‐3 ζ bound form of PKC is small (1–4% of each PKC isoform), but they show constitutive and autonomous activity. Our study indicates that the binding of PKC with 14‐3‐3 ζ is at least in part independent of phosphorylation of PKC and that the C1 domain of PKC is involved in the binding. As both molecules are enriched in synaptic locus, the constitutive PKC activity and its interaction with 14‐3‐3 ζ could be a mechanism for the persistent PKC activation in the brain.