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Rat cerebral cortex corticotropin‐releasing hormone receptors: evidence for receptor coupling to multiple G‐proteins
Author(s) -
Grammatopoulos Dimitris K.,
Randeva Harpal S.,
Levine Michael A.,
Kanellopoulou Korinna A.,
Hillhouse Edward W.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00067.x
Subject(s) - receptor , g protein , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , intracellular , corticotropin releasing hormone , adenylyl cyclase , cerebral cortex , signal transduction , stimulation , neuroscience , chemistry , endocrinology , biochemistry
The wide distribution of corticotrophin‐releasing hormone (CRH) receptors in brain and periphery appear to be important in integrating the responses of the brain, endocrine and immune systems to physiological, psychological and immunological stimuli. The type 1 receptors are highly expressed throughout the cerebral cortex, a region involved in cognitive function and modulation of stress responses, where they are coupled to the adenylyl cyclase system. Using techniques that analyse receptor‐mediated guanine‐nucleotide binding protein (G‐proteins) activation, we recently demonstrated that expressed type 1α CRH receptors are capable of activating multiple G‐proteins, which suggests that CRH can regulate multiple signalling pathways. In an effort to characterize the intracellular signals generated by CRH in the rat cerebral cortex we sought to identify G‐proteins activated by CRH in a physiological membrane environment. Rat cerebral cortical membrane suspensions were analysed for the ability of CRH to stimulate incorporation of [α‐ 32 P]‐GTP‐γ‐azidoanilide to various G‐protein α‐chains. Our results show that CRH receptors are coupled to and activate at least five different G‐proteins (Gs, Gi, Gq /11 , Go and Gz) with subsequent stimulation of at least two intracellular signalling cascades. In addition, the photoaffinity experiments indicated that the CRH receptors preferentially activate the 45 kDa form of the Gsα‐protein. This data may help elucidate the intracellular signalling pathways mediating the multiple actions of CRH especially under different physiological conditions.