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Unravelling response‐specificity in Ca 2+ signalling pathways in plant cells
Author(s) -
Rudd Jason J.,
FranklinTong Verica E.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00173.x
Subject(s) - extracellular , aequorin , calcium signaling , signalling , intracellular , signal transduction , cytosol , chemistry , biophysics , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , enzyme
Summary Considerable advances have been made, both in the technologies available to study changes in intracellular cytosolic free Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] i ), and in our understanding of Ca 2+ signalling cascades in plant cells, but how specificity can be generated from such a ubiquitous component as Ca 2+ is questionable. Recently the concept of ‘Ca 2+ signatures’ has been formulated; tight control of the temporal and spatial characteristics of alterations in [Ca 2+ ] i signals is thought to be responsible, at least in part, for the specificity of the response. However, the way in which Ca 2+ signatures are decoded, which depends on the nature and location of the targets of the Ca 2+ signals, has received little attention. In a few key systems, progress is being made on how diverse Ca 2+ signatures might be transduced within cells in response to specific signals. Valuable pieces of the signal‐specificity puzzle are being put together and this is illustrated here using some key examples; these emphasize the global importance of Ca 2+ ‐mediated signal‐transduction cascades in the responses of plants to a wide diversity of extracellular signals. However, the way in which signal specificity is encoded and transduced is still far from clear.ContentsSummary 7 I. Introduction: Ca 2+ as a signal transducer 8 II. Alterations in intracellular [Ca 2+ ] 81. Measuring alterations in [Ca 2+ ] 8Imaging [Ca 2+ ] i using Ca 2+ ‐sensitive dyes 8Measuring [Ca 2+ ] i using aequorin 9Imaging [Ca 2+ ] i using cameleon 102. The concept of the ‘Ca 2+ signature 103. How might specific Ca 2+ signatures be generated? 11Control of intracellular Ca 2+ release 11Control of influx of extracellular Ca 2+ 124. Examples of Ca 2+ signatures and cellular responses to increases in [Ca 2+ ] 13Ca 2+ signatures in stomatal guard cells in response to abscisic acid signals 14Ca 2+ signals in response to abiotic stimuli1 8Ca 2+ signatures involved in plant‐pathogen responses 19Ca 2+ signatures in control of plant reproduction 20Ca 2+ signatures in root hairs in response to nodulation signals 23 III. Decoding the [Ca 2+ ] i signatures 241. Coupling Ca 2+ signals to responses through CaM 262. Coupling Ca 2+ signals to responses through CDPK 273. Novel Ca 2+ binding proteins as primary Ca 2+ sensors 28Conclusions and Perspective 28References 29