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Calcium‐based signalling systems in guard cells
Author(s) -
Ng CarL. K.Y.,
Mcainsh Martin R.,
Gray Julie E.,
Hunt LeE.,
Leckie Calum P.,
Mills Lewis,
Hetherington Alistair M.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00152.x
Subject(s) - guard cell , second messenger system , microbiology and biotechnology , phospholipase c , calcium signaling , calcium , inositol , signal transduction , phosphoinositide phospholipase c , biochemistry , biology , phospholipase d , inositol trisphosphate , chemistry , receptor , organic chemistry
Summary Calcium is a ubiquitous intracellular signal responsible for controlling numerous cellular processes in both plants and animals. As an example, Ca 2+ has been shown to be a second messenger in the signal transduction pathways by which stomatal guard cells respond to external stimuli. Regulated increases in the cytosolic concentration of free calcium ions ([Ca 2+ ] cyt ) in guard cells have been observed to be a common intermediate in many of the pathways leading to either opening or closing of the stomatal pore. This observation has prompted investigations into how specificity is encoded in the Ca 2+ signal. It has been suggested that the key to generating stimulus‐specific calcium signatures lies in the ability to access differentially the cellular machinery controlling calcium influx and release from intracellular stores. Several important components of the calcium‐based signalling pathways have been identified in guard cells including cADPR, phospholipase C–InsP 3 , InsP 6 and H 2 O 2 . These data suggest that the pathways for intracellular mobilization of Ca 2+ are evolutionarily conserved between plants and animals. Abbreviations ABA, abscisic acid; [Ca 2+ ] cyt , cytosolic free calcium concentration; [Ca 2+ ] ext , external calcium concentration; I K,in ; inward‐rectifying K + currents; InsP 3 , inositol‐1,4,5‐trisphosphate; InsP 6 , inositol hexakisphosphate; PLC, phospholipase C; PLD, phospholipase D; PA, phosphatidic acid; H 2 O 2 , hydrogen peroxide; AAPK, ABA‐activated serine‐threonine protein kinase; cADPR, cyclic adenosine 5′‐diphosphoribose; U73122, 1‐(6‐{[17 â ‐3‐methoxyestra‐1,3,5(10)‐trien‐17‐yl]amino}hexyl)‐1H‐pyrrole‐2, 5‐dione; RyR; ryanodine receptor; CICR; calcium‐induced calcium‐release; I Ca , inward calcium current.