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P28Prenatal diagnosis of schizencephaly: case report
Author(s) -
Lagos N.,
García C.,
Walton R.,
Hoffmann I.,
Muñoz H.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.202
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1469-0705
pISSN - 0960-7692
DOI - 10.1046/j.1469-0705.2000.00004-1-28.x
Subject(s) - schizencephaly , medicine , polymicrogyria , ventricle , hydrocephalus , lateral ventricles , magnetic resonance imaging , ventriculomegaly , anatomy , radiology , ependyma , ultrasound , cerebral ventricle , central nervous system , fetus , pregnancy , cardiology , genetics , biology
Background Schizencephaly is a rare congenital malformation of the central nervous system. It consists in the finding of unilateral or bilateral clefts in the cerebral hemispheres. Case report 36‐year‐old patient, at week 22, an ultrasound showed hydrocephaly with a 19‐mm atrium. At week 27, a 6‐mm diameter defect was shown in the cerebral parenchyma of the right hemisphere, that was comunicated with the lateral ventricle, with normal atrium. The conclusion was Schizencephaly. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) also showed the parenchymal defect, with comunication to the lateral ventricle, and no hydrocephalus. Cesarian section was performed at week 38, with a 2780 g. Newborn Postnatal echography and computed tomography showed no changes. Discussion Two types of schizencephaly have been described: Type I, in which the defect is closed‐lip, because the lips of the clefts are fused within a pia‐ependymal seam that is continous with the ependyma of the lateral ventricle, and type II, in which the lips remain open, and the clefts are more extensive. Pathogenesis is unclear but anomalies of neuronal migration during the third to fifth gestational months are invoked. Clinically, patients have seizures, developmental delay and hemiparesias. In this case, diagnosis was suspected by ultrasound and confirmed by MRI, which is the best method. Ultrasound permited us to follow the defect and best decide when to interrupt pregnancy.