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Growth of the fetal nose width and nostril distance in normal pregnancies
Author(s) -
Goldstein I.,
Tamir A.,
ItskovitzEldor J.,
Zimmer E. Z.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.202
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1469-0705
pISSN - 0960-7692
DOI - 10.1046/j.1469-0705.1997.09010035.x
Subject(s) - biparietal diameter , medicine , nostril , fetus , gestational age , circumference , anatomy , nose , gestation , fetal head , pregnancy , head circumference , geometry , mathematics , biology , genetics
The study was planned to obtain the dimensions of the fetal nose width and nostril distance during normal pregnancy as a basis for further studies and, for identification of deviations in growth. The study group included 302 healthy pregnant women at 14–40 weeks' gestation. Routine biometric measurements were obtained from all the participants, including biparietal diameter, bead and abdominal circumferences, measurements of the long bones and dimensions of the fetal nose width and nostril distance. The nose width and nostril distance were also calculated for each gestational age. A linear growth relationship was observed between nose width and gestational age ( r = 0.88; p < 0.0001; y = 0.27 + 0.57 × gestational age), biparietal diameter ( r = 0.92; p < 0.0001; y = 0.41 + 0.23 × biparietal diameter), bead circumference ( r = 0.91; p < 0.00001; y = 0.85 + 0.63 × head circumference), femoral length ( r = 0.91; p < 0.0001; y = 3.18 + 0.26 × femoral length) and humeral length ( r = 0.73; p < 0.0001; y = 1.94 + 0.11 humeral length). A linear growth function was also observed between nostril distance and gestational age ( r = 0.54; p < 0.00001; y = 2.77 + 0.15 × gestational age), biparietal diameter ( r =: 0.71; p < 0.00001; y = 1.83 + 0.08 × biparietal diameter), head circumference ( r = 0.70; p < 0.00001; y = 1.99 + 0.2 × head circumference), femoral length ( r = 0.75; p < 0.00001; y = 2.49 + 0.09 × femoral length) and humeral length ( r = 0.91; p < 0.00001; y = 1.89 + 0.32 × humeral length). A linear growth relationship was found between nose width and nostril distance ( r = 0.71; p < 0.00001; y = 1.81 + 0.31 × nose width). These results provide normative data of the fetal nose width and nostril distance in various dimensions and across gestational age. In addition, the data offer the potential for prenatal diagnosis of nose and nostril abnormalities. Copyright © 1997 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology