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Matched case–control study to evaluate risk factors for hyperlactataemia in HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy
Author(s) -
Datta D,
Moyle G,
Mandalia S,
Gazzard B
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
hiv medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.53
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1468-1293
pISSN - 1464-2662
DOI - 10.1046/j.1468-1293.2003.00164.x
Subject(s) - medicine , lactic acidosis , stavudine , logistic regression , didanosine , risk factor , univariate analysis , surgery , antiretroviral therapy , multivariate analysis , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , viral load , immunology
Background Lactic acidosis is a life‐threatening event during antiretroviral therapy (ART). Hyperlactataemia may be a prelude to acidosis. Our database study suggested that female gender, intercurrent illness and didanosine (ddI)‐based regimens may increase risk of lactic acidosis. The aim of this matched case–control study was to identify risk factors for hyperlactataemia requiring screening. Methods Cases were defined as patients with two consecutive lactate samples ≥3.5 mmol/L taken more than 1 week apart. Cases were matched to two controls on gender, use of ddI and total duration of therapy using a 6‐month window on either side. Controls never had raised lactate >2.5 mmol/L. A conditional logistic regression analysis using the PHREG procedure in SAS (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC) was performed with a discreet logistic model stratified by matching variables. Results Twenty‐one cases were matched to 42 controls. In the univariate model, current use of stavudine (d4T), total cholesterol >5.3 mmol/L and glucose levels ≥5.2 mmol/L gave increased likelihood of persistent hyperlactataemia. The multivariate model showed current use of d4T to be a significant independent predictor of persistent hyperlactataemia. Conclusions The results of this case–control study indicate that, when controlling for ddI use, d4T use is an additional risk factor for hyperlactataemia.