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A strict response criterion yields a mirror effect in the novelty paradigm
Author(s) -
Åberg Carola S.,
Nilsson LarsGöran
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.743
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1467-9450
pISSN - 0036-5564
DOI - 10.1046/j.1467-9450.2003.00363.x
Subject(s) - novelty , psychology , encoding (memory) , cognitive psychology , word (group theory) , novelty detection , term (time) , word lists by frequency , false alarm , speech recognition , social psychology , artificial intelligence , computer science , linguistics , philosophy , physics , quantum mechanics , sentence
According to the novelty/encoding hypothesis (NEH; Tulving & Kroll, 1995), efficacy of encoding information into long‐term memory depends on the movelty of the information. Recognition accuracy is higher for novel than for previously familiarized material. This novelty effect is not a mirror effect: the superiority of novel over familiar items is not found in the hit rates but only in the false‐alarm rates. The main result in the present replication study was that novel hit rates were higher than familiar ones when the most confident responses were examined separately, and thus a mirror effect could be demonstrated for these data, for both the low‐ and the high‐frequency words. Similarly, the word‐frequency effect on hits was stronger when a stricter response criterion was applied. It was concluded that the novelty effect and the word‐frequency effect are more similar to one another than has hitherto been thought.