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Factors predictive of nephropathy in DCCT Type 1 diabetic patients with good or poor metabolic control
Author(s) -
Zhang L.,
Krzentowski G.,
Albert A.,
Lefèbvre P. J.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
diabetic medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.474
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1464-5491
pISSN - 0742-3071
DOI - 10.1046/j.1464-5491.2003.00986.x
Subject(s) - medicine , diabetic nephropathy , nephropathy , diabetes mellitus , body mass index , complication , proportional hazards model , metabolic control analysis , surgery , endocrinology
Aims The study aim was to assess the time‐related risk of developing diabetic nephropathy [albumin excretion rate (AER) ≥ 40 mg/24 h] from baseline covariates in Type 1 diabetic patients with either good or poor metabolic control (MC). Methods Based on material from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial study ( n = 1441), patients were considered as under good or poor MC if their HbA 1c mean level up to last visit fell in the lowest (≤ 6.9%) or highest (≥ 9.5%) quintile of the overall HbA 1c distribution, respectively. Prevalence cases of nephropathy were excluded from the study. Survival analysis and Cox regression were applied to the data. Results Among patients with good MC ( n = 277), 15% had developed nephropathy at the end of the study. Conversely, among patients with poor MC ( n = 268), the proportion without the complication was 52%. When adjusting for MC, time to diabetic nephropathy was related to age ( P < 0.0001), AER ( P < 0.001), duration of diabetes ( P < 0.005), body mass index (BMI) ( P < 0.005), all at baseline, and to gender ( P < 0.01). Patients with upper normal range AER levels, longer duration of diabetes and lower BMI were at higher risk, regardless of MC. The adverse effect of younger age on diabetic nephropathy was more marked in good than in poor MC. Although women tended to develop the complication more often under good MC, they appeared to be better protected under poor MC. Conclusions This study confirms occurrence of diabetic nephropathy under good MC and non‐occurrence of the complication despite poor MC. It also demonstrates that some baseline covariates can affect, in a differential manner, time to diabetic nephropathy depending on MC. Diabet. Med. 20, 580–585 (2003)