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Heat‐induced membrane damage combined with adriamycin on prostate carcinoma PC‐3 cells: correlation of cytotoxicity, permeability and P‐glycoprotein or metallothionein expression
Author(s) -
MoriyamaGonda,
Igawa,
Shiina,
Yasuhiro Wada
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
british journal of urology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.773
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1464-410X
pISSN - 0007-1331
DOI - 10.1046/j.1464-410x.1998.00951.x
Subject(s) - flow cytometry , cytotoxicity , intracellular , p glycoprotein , cell cycle , chemistry , cell culture , cell growth , cell , apoptosis , efflux , metallothionein , microbiology and biotechnology , membrane permeability , biology , biochemistry , in vitro , membrane , multiple drug resistance , genetics , gene , antibiotics
Objective To assess heat‐induced membrane damage in a prostate cancer cell line when combined with adriamycin treatment. Materials and methods The changes in intracellular adriamycin accumulation, cell proliferation and cell‐cycle fractions were examined after human prostate carcinoma PC‐3 cells were exposed to heat and/or further treatment with adriamycin. Proliferation and the cell cycle were determined using adherent cell analysis and sorting laser cytometry (ACAS) or flow cytometry. P‐glycoprotein (PGP) and metallothionein (MT) expression, which may have a physiological role in the transport of or reduction in cytotoxicity of some anticancer drugs, were also analysed after cells were exposed to heat, using immunohistochemical or flow cytometric methods. Results There was a significant increase in intracellular adriamycin accumulation, related to both influx ( P <0.05) and efflux ( P <0.01), in cells treated with adriamycin, especially after heating them at 44°C for 1 h. There was a significant decrease in cell proliferation of preheated cells when exposed to adriamycin, especially at 44°C ( P <0.05). In the cell‐cycle analysis, cells preheated at 44°C showed partial accumulation in the debris or apoptotic fraction at 24 h, and many cells accumulated in these fractions at 48 h. There was significantly less PGP or MT expression in cells preheated at 44°C than in control cells or cells preheated at 41°C ( P <0.01). This reduction in PGP or MT level by heating may inhibit drug efflux and thus increase intracellular drug level at elevated temperatures. Conclusions These results suggest that hyperthermia may damage the drug‐exclusion mechanism in these cells and thus increase the effectiveness of drug action.