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Local energy depletion in the basal forebrain increases sleep
Author(s) -
Kalinchuk Anna V.,
Urrila AnnaSofia,
Alanko Lauri,
Heiskanen Silja,
Wigren HennaKaisa,
Suomela Maricel,
Stenberg Dag,
PorkkaHeiskanen Tarja
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
european journal of neuroscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.346
H-Index - 206
eISSN - 1460-9568
pISSN - 0953-816X
DOI - 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02532.x
Subject(s) - basal forebrain , sleep (system call) , sleep deprivation , wakefulness , endocrinology , basal (medicine) , medicine , adenosine , extracellular , forebrain , chemistry , neuroscience , biology , biochemistry , circadian rhythm , central nervous system , electroencephalography , computer science , insulin , operating system
Sleep saves energy, but can brain energy depletion induce sleep? We used 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), a molecule which prevents the synthesis of ATP, to induce local energy depletion in the basal forebrain of rats. Three‐hour DNP infusions induced elevations in extracellular concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and adenosine, as well as increases in non‐REM sleep during the following night. Sleep was not affected when DNP was administered to adjacent brain areas, although the metabolic changes were similar. The amount and the timing of the increase in non‐REM sleep, as well as in the concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and adenosine with 0.5–1.0 m m DNP infusion, were comparable to those induced by 3 h of sleep deprivation. Here we show that energy depletion in localized brain areas can generate sleep. The energy depletion model of sleep induction could be applied to in vitro research into the cellular mechanisms of prolonged wakefulness.