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Retrospective study of the utility of nuclear scintigraphic‐labelled red cell scanning for lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Author(s) -
Levy Richard,
Barto Walid,
Gani Jon
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
anz journal of surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.426
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1445-2197
pISSN - 1445-1433
DOI - 10.1046/j.1445-1433.2002.02567.x
Subject(s) - medicine , laparotomy , bleed , technetium , red cell , retrospective cohort study , scintigraphy , gastrointestinal bleeding , surgery , radiology , nuclear medicine
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the utility of nuclear scintigraphic‐labelled red cell scanning in the management of bleeding in patients with acute lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage (GIH) who require surgery. Methods: A prospective database was used to source data on all patients with lower GIH who underwent technetium‐99 m ( 99m Tc)‐labelled red cell scanning over a 10‐year period. A subgroup was identified from cross‐reference with the medical records identifying only those patients who continued to bleed and subsequently required laparotomy for further detailed retrospective study. One key question was asked: did the labelled red cell scan influence the type of operation performed by the operating surgeon? Results: The study identified 249 patients who underwent 287 labelled red cell scans for GIH. Forty patients (16%) underwent laparotomy for ongoing bleeding; 28/40 (70%) of the red cell scans were positive for bleeding. Six patients (15%) died postoperatively, none because of continued bleeding. The 99m Tc‐labelled red cell scan was deemed to have been unhelpful in 22 (55%) cases. Twelve of the 22 scans were negative and 10 of the 22 scans were positive but were ignored by the surgeon. The 99m Tc‐labelled red cell scan influenced the choice of operation in 18 out of 40 patients (45% of the operated group but only 7.2% of the total scanned group). Of these, 15 patients underwent colonic resection and three patients underwent small bowel resection. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that labelled red cell scanning has only a small role to play in managing lower GIH. The 99m Tc‐labelled red cell scanning should be used much more selectively. Its use should be limited to patients who continue to bleed after conservative management; it may allow these patients to be effectively treated by segmental bowel resection. Its most critical role, however, is probably to prevent suspected small bowel bleeding from being missed at operation.