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Impact of citrate therapy on the circadian rhythm of urinary magnesium ammonium phosphate saturation in normal individuals
Author(s) -
Ogawa Yoshihide,
Sugaya Kimio,
Koyama Yuzo,
Hatano Tadashi
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
international journal of urology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.172
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1442-2042
pISSN - 0919-8172
DOI - 10.1046/j.1442-2042.2000.00196.x
Subject(s) - struvite , magnesium , solubility , saturation (graph theory) , ammonium , solubility equilibrium , phosphate , medicine , potassium , nuclear chemistry , inorganic chemistry , endocrinology , zoology , chemistry , biochemistry , biology , organic chemistry , mathematics , combinatorics
Background: Alkaline citrate has been used widely in the prevention of stone formation. However, the risk of struvite stone during the alkalinizing therapy has not been adequately studied in terms of magnesium ammonium phosphate saturation.Methods: The circadian rhythm of the urinary saturation of magnesium ammonium phosphate was estimated by using the differential Gibbs' free energy values of magnesium ammonium phosphate before and during 5 days of treatment with sodium–potassium citrate (1 g t.i.d., 1 g q.i.d. or 3 g t.i.d.) in five healthy male volunteers.Results: The magnesium ammonium phosphate saturation varied during the day, peaking far below the solubility product between 08.00 and 10.30 h and between 13.00 and 18.00 h. The mean peak levels were increased by each treatment regimen in comparison with the control day. The mean increase on day 1 was significant between 10.30 and 23.00 h with the 3 g t.i.d. regimen, but the mean saturation still remained below the solubility product throughout the day.Conclusions: The urinary magnesium ammonium phosphate saturation appeared hard to exceed the solubility product with a high dose of alkaline citrate.