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Further characterization of the 5′‐flanking promoter region of the human β 1 ‐adrenergic receptor gene
Author(s) -
OKAWA YOSHINORI,
ADACHI ATSUSHI,
INO MIYUKI,
NAGUMO SATOKO,
MATSUI HIROAKI
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.609
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1440-1819
pISSN - 1323-1316
DOI - 10.1046/j.1440-1819.1998.00404.x
Subject(s) - 5' flanking region , caat box , biology , tata box , primer extension , gene , promoter , chloramphenicol acetyltransferase , regulatory sequence , microbiology and biotechnology , transcription (linguistics) , reporter gene , transcription factor , genetics , gene expression , nucleotide , linguistics , philosophy
Further characterization of the 5′‐flanking promoter region of the human β 1 ‐adrenergic receptor (AR) gene was attempted. The transcription initiation sites, determined by the primer extension and the rapid amplification of the 5′‐cDNA end, are multiple in a spanning about 30 nucleotides (−289 to −261 relative to the translation start site). There exist inverted CCAAT boxes, multiple binding sites for transcription factor Sp1 and AP‐2 nearby transcription initiation sites, however, this region lacks a typical TATA box. In order to localize the regulatory region for the basal transcription of the human β 1 ‐AR gene, a variety of 5′‐flanking sequence/chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene fusion constructs was prepared and transiently expressed in HeLa cells. Functional analyses reveal negatively (−3813 to −2925 and −1772 to −796) as well as positively (−2925 to −1772) regulatory regions, in addition to the region (−796 to −87) being necessary for the basic expression of the human β 1 ‐AR gene.