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Genetic alterations of human brain tumors as molecular prognostic factors
Author(s) -
Shiraishi Tetsuya,
Tabuchi Kazuo
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
neuropathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.701
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1440-1789
pISSN - 0919-6544
DOI - 10.1046/j.1440-1789.2003.00477.x
Subject(s) - procarbazine , astrocytoma , carcinogenesis , vincristine , mdm2 , glioma , medicine , brain tumor , oncology , oligodendroglioma , cancer research , genetic syndromes , affect (linguistics) , bioinformatics , chemotherapy , biology , pathology , genetics , gene , cancer , psychology , cyclophosphamide , pediatrics , communication
Despite a number of basic and clinical studies, it is still very difficult to improve the prognosis of patients with high‐grade astrocytoma. However, the recent success of procarbazine, N ‐(2‐chloroethyl)‐ N "‐cyclohexyl‐ N ‐nitrosourea and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy for oligodendrogliomas that have lost chromosomes 1p and 19q has encouraged the authors to evaluate the biological behavior of brain tumors by means of genetic analysis. Both the disorders of the p53/MDM2/p14 ARF and the p16 INK4a /RB signaling pathways have been found to play an essential role in tumorigenesis of various brain tumors. Herein, the authors summarize the genetic alterations of brain tumors by mainly focusing on two pathways that appear to affect significantly the patient prognosis.