Public health measures to control hepatitis B virus infection in the developing countries of the Asia–Pacific region

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is prevalent in the Asia–Pacific region and the disease burden caused by chronic HBV infection has been enormous. Although vaccination programmes have been implemented in the past decade, and there are extremely successful countries in the region, many countries still cannot afford a control program. These countries are often populous and highly endemic for HBV infection. To overcome this, aid from developed countries or private foundations should be actively sought. In the developing countries of this region, HBV infection in early childhood is the main cause of chronic HBV status, and thus universal vaccination of all infants is the best way to control HBV infection. Because of the expense and extra costs of screening pregnant women, the use of hepatitis B immune globulin may not be essential. To achieve the goal of universal infant vaccination, public education should be done in parallel with education of health professionals and control measures. The Asia–Pacific region has more people with chronic hepatitis B than any other part of the world, and control of HBV infection in this region will no doubt be the most important and challenging task to be taken in the beginning of the new millennium.