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Immunity in the absence of CD28 and CD137 (4‐1BB) molecules
Author(s) -
Vinay Dass S,
Wolisi Godwin O,
Yu Kang Y,
Choi Beom K,
Kwon Byoung S
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
immunology and cell biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.999
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1440-1711
pISSN - 0818-9641
DOI - 10.1046/j.1440-1711.2003.01153.x
Subject(s) - cd28 , biology , antibody , immune system , immunoglobulin class switching , immunology , antigen , vesicular stomatitis virus , microbiology and biotechnology , cd8 , virus , b cell
We report the generation and immune regulation of mice that are deficient in CD28 and 4‐1BB (CD137) genes. These mice were viable, fertile and did not display any overt abnormalities and had a normal T cell phenotype in thymus and spleen. Proliferative responses to anti‐CD3 and ConA were enhanced in 4‐1BB −/− but not in either CD28 −/− or double mutant mice, while levels of interleukin‐2 were decreased in all mutant mice. Although the 4‐1BB −/− mice displayed increased basal levels of most immunoglobulin isotypes tested, the plateau levels of immunoglobulin G 2a , immunoglobulin G 2b and immunoglobulin A were particularly high compared to wild type controls. The immunoglobulin class switch to T‐dependent antigen was normal in 4‐1BB −/− mice but was greatly affected in both CD28 −/− and 4‐1BB −/− CD28 −/− mice. Vesicular stomatitis virus‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and plaque reduction neutralizing ability was differentially reduced in all mutant mice. Contact sensitivity to allergens showed marginal but not significant change in ear thickness in 4‐1BB −/− mice, but an ability to mount contact hypersensitivity to the same antigens was greatly curtailed in CD28 −/− and double mutant mice.