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Cold tolerance of the leafminer Liriomyza sativae (Dipt., Agromyzidae)
Author(s) -
Zhao Y. X.,
Kang L.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
journal of applied entomology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.795
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1439-0418
pISSN - 0931-2048
DOI - 10.1046/j.1439-0418.2000.00463.x
Subject(s) - pupa , biology , agromyzidae , larva , instar , horticulture , botany , nymph , toxicology
The cold tolerance of larvae and pupae of the vegetable leafminer Liriomyza sativae was examined by using measurements of supercooling points and mortality statistics at low temperatures. Recently pupated (≶6 h ) individuals were separately held at 0, 2.5, 5, 10°C for 1, 4, 7, 10, 13 and 16 days. No pupae were able to survive prolonged exposure to 0 and 5°C for 10 days. The cold tolerance of pupae of different stages was significantly different. Of the 6 h, 1, 4, 6.5 and 8‐day‐old pupae tested, the 4‐day‐old pupae was the most cold tolerant. The lethal time (T 50 : time of median survival at 0°C) of 4‐day‐old pupae was 4.53 days. The supercooling point (SCP) of the larvae declined with larval development. Second instar larvae had a SCP at ‐22.35°C, which declined to ‐24.36°C for third instar larvae that had emerged from leaves. In contrast to the larvae, the SCP of the pupae increased during pupation. Prepupae and 6‐h‐old pupae had SCPs of ‐20.91°C and ‐14.34°C, respectively. The SCPs of 1, 4, 6.5 and 8‐day‐old pupae varied, ranging from ‐11.80 to ‐11.35°C and there was no significant difference between the stages. Analysis of mean soil temperatures at several locations indicated that the leafminer could not overwinter outdoors in northern areas beyond latitude 34°N in China. The potential distribution of the leafminer in China is discussed.