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Photochemical Inactivation of Bacteria and HIV in Buffy‐Coat‐Derived Platelet Concentrates under Conditions That Preserve in vitro Platelet Function
Author(s) -
Knutson Folke,
Alfonso Ryan,
Dupuis Kent,
Mayaudon Véronique,
Lin Lily,
Corash Laurence,
Högman Claes F.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
vox sanguinis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.68
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1423-0410
pISSN - 0042-9007
DOI - 10.1046/j.1423-0410.2000.7840209.x
Subject(s) - staphylococcus epidermidis , bacteria , microbiology and biotechnology , staphylococcus aureus , serratia marcescens , enterococcus faecalis , enterobacter aerogenes , buffy coat , platelet , bacillus cereus , gram positive bacteria , pseudomonas aeruginosa , chemistry , biology , escherichia coli , immunology , biochemistry , gene , genetics
Background and Objectives:A photochemical process has been tested for the inactivation of viruses and bacteria in buffy‐coat derived platelet concentrates (BC PCs). Materials and Methods: BC PCs in 35% CPD plasma and 65% platelet‐additive solution (PAS III) were exposed to photochemical treatment (PCT) with 150 μM of the psoralen S‐59 and a 3 J/cm 2 treatment with longwavelength ultraviolet light (UVA, 320–400 nm). Platelet function was evaluated following PCT using a panel of in vitro assays. Results: This PCT process was highly effective at inactivating gram‐positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and gram‐negative bacteria (Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens). No viable bacteria were detected following PCT and 7 days of platelet storage while bacterial growth was detected in paired untreated control BC PCs. Complete inactivation of the gram‐positive Bacillus cereus was achieved only in one of two replicate experiments with BC PCs. PCT was also highly effective for inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus HIV‐1 in BC PCs inoculated with approximately 10 6 tissue culture infectious doses per milliliter (TCID 5n /ml) of cell‐associated HIV‐1. Rapid inactivation was observed with increasing UVA doses: with 150 μM S‐59 and a 1 J/cm 2 treatment of UVA, a reduction of 5:6±0.5 log TCID 50 /ml was achieved, and a reduction of >6.4 log TCID 50 /ml was achieved with 150 μM S‐59 and a 3 J/cm 2 treatment of UVA. No physiologically relevant differences in platelet functions were found between the test and the control BC PCs during 7 days of storage. Conclusion: PCT with 150 μM S‐59 and a 3 J/cm 2 UVA treatment does not adversely affect in vitro properties of BC PCs stored at 22°C for 7 days. The PCT process inactivated bacteria and HIV‐1 inoculated into the BC PCs. These results extend the earlier reported efficacy of PCT apheresis PCs to BC PCs.