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Cytokines in the pruritic papular eruption of HIV
Author(s) -
Aires Juliana Machado,
Rosatelli Jacy Berti,
De Castro Figueiredo José Fernando,
Roselino Ana Maria F.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
international journal of dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.677
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1365-4632
pISSN - 0011-9059
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2000.00106.x
Subject(s) - medicine , dermatology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , immunopathology , immunology
Background The immunopathogenic mechanism of the pruritic papular eruption (PPE) of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is poorly understood, and the objective of the present study was to determine the concentration of the serum cytokines interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐10, IL‐12, and γ‐interferon (γ‐IFN) in an attempt to recognize the pattern of CD4 + /CD8 + lymphocytes occurring in this dermatosis. Materials and methods The study was conducted on 11 HIV‐positive PPE patients, matched for sex and age with eight HIV‐infected patients with no dermatosis and 10 healthy HIV‐negative individuals. Cytokines were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) using monoclonal antibodies (R & D Systems) and the data were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney, Kruskall–Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests. Results An increased concentration of IL‐2 was observed in both the HIV‐positive (77.65 pg/mL, P < 0.001) and PPE (20.42 pg/mL, P < 0.05) groups when compared with the HIV‐negative group (9.50 pg/mL). The IL‐2 concentration was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in the HIV‐positive group than in the PPE group. Similarly, the γ‐IFN concentration was higher in the HIV‐positive (14.97 pg/mL) and PPE (12.67 pg/mL) groups when compared with the HIV‐negative group (8.58 pg/mL). The IL‐12 concentration was similar in the PPE and HIV‐positive groups (1.82 and 1.68 pg/mL, respectively), but higher than in the HIV‐negative group (1.17 pg/mL). The same occurred with IL‐5 (17.78, 17.79, and 15.74 pg/mL, respectively). There was no significant difference in IL‐4 concentration among the PPE, HIV‐positive, and HIV‐negative groups (10.95, 7.88, and 10.16 pg/mL, respectively), and the same was observed for IL‐10 (22.41, 21.13, and 20.92, respectively). There was a negative correlation between serum γ‐IFN concentration and peripheral CD4 + lymphocyte number ( r = − 0.6256) in the PPE group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions The lower levels of IL‐2 and γ‐IFN and the negative correlation between γ‐IFN and peripheral CD4 + lymphocytes may indicate an early phase of immunosuppression in PPE.