Premium
Efficacy of mefloquine and mefloquine–artesunate for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the Amazon region of Bolivia
Author(s) -
Avila Juan Carlos,
Villaroel Rodolfo,
Marquiño Wilmer,
Zegarra Jorge,
Mollinedo René,
Ruebush Trenton K.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01184.x
Subject(s) - mefloquine , artesunate , malaria , plasmodium falciparum , medicine , gametocyte , artemisinin , tropical medicine , amazon rainforest , combination therapy , traditional medicine , immunology , biology , pathology , ecology
Summary We assessed the efficacy of mefloquine monotherapy and mefloquine–artesunate (MQ–AS) combination therapy for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria at four sites in the Bolivian Amazon region. Patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum infections between 5 and 60 years of age were randomly assigned to be treated with either MQ (15 mg/kg in a single oral dose) or MQ (15 mg/kg) plus AS (4 mg/kg daily for 3 days). A total of 143 patients were enrolled and followed for 28 days. None of the 73 patients who received MQ alone or the 70 patients who received MQ–AS combination therapy had recurrences of parasitaemia during the 28‐day follow‐up period. Asexual parasite densities fell significantly more rapidly and the proportion of patients with gametocytes was significantly lower on days 7–28 in patients treated with MQ–AS than in those treated with MQ alone. All patients tolerated the medications well. After this study, the Bolivian Ministry of Public Health changed its treatment policy for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in the Amazon region to combination therapy with MQ–AS to slow or prevent the development of resistance.