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Parameters associated with Schistosoma haematobium infection before and after chemotherapy in school children from two villages in the Coast province of Kenya
Author(s) -
Kahama Anthony I.,
Vennervald Birgitte J.,
Kombe Yeri,
Kihara Ruth W.,
Ndzovu Malick,
Mungai Peter,
Ouma John H.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-3156.1999.00408.x
Subject(s) - praziquantel , schistosoma haematobium , schistosomiasis , medicine , cohort , helminthiasis , transmission (telecommunications) , demography , homogeneous , immunology , veterinary medicine , helminths , physics , sociology , electrical engineering , engineering , thermodynamics
Summary We evaluated the impact of praziquantel therapy (40 mg/kg body weight) on indicators of infection with Schistosoma haematobium by following a cohort of infected children from schools located 12 km apart in the Coast province of Kenya, at 0, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 18 months after treatment. Within this period, measurements of infection parameters pertaining to egg counts and haematuria (micro‐, macro‐ and history) were evaluated at all time points. The initial prevalence of 100% dropped significantly 8 weeks after treatment with a similar trend in the intensity of infection. Microhaematuria followed the same trend as observed for egg counts while macrohaematuria remained low after treatment. Reinfection following successful therapy differed significantly between schools; in one school the children were reinfected immediately while those in the other remained uninfected despite similar starting prevalences, intensities of infection and cure rates. Transmission between the two areas looked homogeneous before treatment but when both groups were treated, contrasting transmission patterns became evident. In a regression model we evaluated factors that might be associated with reinfection, and after allowing for pretreatment infection level, age and sex, area (school) remained a highly significant predictor.