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Human plasma and Tirilazad mesylate protect stored human erythrocytes against the oxidative damage of gamma‐irradiation
Author(s) -
Sharifi,
Dzik,
Sadrzadeh
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
transfusion medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.471
H-Index - 59
eISSN - 1365-3148
pISSN - 0958-7578
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-3148.2000.00242.x
Subject(s) - haemolysis , tbars , erythrocyte fragility , lipid peroxidation , chemistry , hemolysis , oxidative stress , thiobarbituric acid , population , whole blood , red blood cell , andrology , biochemistry , immunology , medicine , environmental health
Transfusion‐associated graft‐versus‐host disease (TA‐GVHD) is a serious condition that under certain circumstances can be lethal in immunosuppressed patients. The risk of TA‐GVHD can be reduced in this population by gamma irradiation (γRad) of blood components. γRad results in production of reactive oxygen species which can damage red blood cells (RBC). Tirilazad mesylate (TM) is a member of the 21‐aminosteroids (Lazaroids) family and is a powerful antioxidant. We investigated the ability of TM and human plasma (which contain powerful antioxidants) to protect stored human RBC against the oxidative damage of γRad. Fresh intact packed RBC obtained from the normal donors, with and without autologous plasma or TM (0.05 mg mL −1 RBC), were exposed to γRad (50 Gy) and stored for 28 days at 4 °C. Oxidative damage was assessed by osmotic fragility at 65 m m NaCl concentration (expressed by percentage haemolysis in 65 m m NaCl solution) and lipid peroxidation (measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS). Our results showed that storage and irradiation of untreated intact RBC increased the osmotic fragility at 65 m m NaCl concentration (65.8 ± 1.3 vs. 51.20 ± 0.87% haemolysis; irradiated vs. controls, respectively; P = 0.002) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS = 4.47 ± 0.12 vs. 3.45 ± 0.09 μ m L −1 RBC; irradiated vs. controls, respectively; P = 0.001). TM protected the intact RBC against radiation‐induced haemolysis (35.8 ± 5.0 vs. 65.8 ± 1.3% haemolysis; treated vs. untreated irradiated RBC, respectively; P = 0.02) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS = 2.91 ± 0.2 vs. 4.47 ± 0.12 μ m L −1 RBC; treated vs. untreated irradiated RBC, respectively; P = 0.005). Addition of autologous plasma to packed RBC significantly reduced the extent of radiation‐induced haemolysis by more than six‐fold (12.45 ± 0.26 vs. 65.8 ± 2.2% haemolysis; irradiated RBC with versus without plasma, respectively; P = 0.0001). In conclusion, these results show that irradiation and storage of blood damages RBC via oxidative processes and addition of autologous plasma and/or TM protects RBC against such damage and possibly enhances their storage and survival.