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Characterization and functional analysis of three wheat genes with homology to the CONSTANS flowering time gene in transgenic rice
Author(s) -
Nemoto Yasue,
Kisaka Mayumi,
Fuse Takuichi,
Yano Masahiro,
Ogihara Yasunari
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
the plant journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.058
H-Index - 269
eISSN - 1365-313X
pISSN - 0960-7412
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2003.01859.x
Subject(s) - biology , gene , genetics , arabidopsis , genome , homology (biology) , transgene , genetically modified rice , common wheat , chromosome , zinc finger , genetically modified crops , mutant , transcription factor
Summary The CONSTANS ( CO ) gene of Arabidopsis plays a key role in the photoperiodic flowering pathway. To investigate photoperiod responses in cereals in more detail, we isolated three kinds of CO/Hd1 (rice ortholog of CO ) homolog from hexaploid wheat, derived from the A, B, and D genomes and designated as wheat ortholog of CO from A genome ( TaHd1‐1), TaHd1‐2 , and TaHd1‐3 , respectively. They were highly similar to each other and to Hd1 , and in addition harbored two conserved regions: two zinc finger motifs and CONSTANS, CONSTANS‐LIKE and TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (CCT) domain like CO/Hd1 . They were located on the long arm of the homoeologous chromosome 6. TaHd1‐2 harbored a 63‐bp deletion at the promoter region containing the GATA‐1 box, and consequently, we detected no subsequent transcript. The TaHd1‐1 genomic clone was introduced to a rice line deficient in Hd1 function. Transgenic plants complemented the functions of rice Hd1: they promoted heading under short‐day (SD) conditions and delayed it under long‐day (LD)/natural conditions, indicating that Hd1 proteins from SD and LD plants share common structures and functions.