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Cytotaxonomy of four species in the Simulium perflavum species group (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Brazilian Amazonia
Author(s) -
Hamada Neusa,
Adler Peter H.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
systematic entomology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.552
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1365-3113
pISSN - 0307-6970
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-3113.1999.00080.x
Subject(s) - simulium , polytene chromosome , biology , cytotaxonomy , amazon rainforest , chromosomal inversion , sibling species , ecology , habitat , zoology , taxonomy (biology) , species group , larva , karyotype , chromosome , genetics , gene
Summary Polytene chromosomes of four members of the Simulium perflavum species group in Brazil are described, and a standard map for the species group is presented. Simulium rorotaense Floch & Abonnenc, S. perflavum Roubaud and an undescribed species ( S. ‘X’) are chromosomally conservative, each representing a single species with a unique preimaginal habitat. Chromosomal, morphological and ecological evidence indicates that S. maroniense Floch & Abonnenc, previously considered synonymous with S . rorotaense , is a good species. Independent morphological and chromosomal analyses yielded 99.4% agreement in separating larvae of S. rorotaense and S. maroniense . The two species can be distinguished by gill morphology or by a subterminal inversion on the long arm of chromosome III. Simulium maroniense consists of at least four cytotypes, each with different sex chromosomes and autosomal polymorphism profiles and associated with a particular landscape type, altitude, temperature regime or geographical location. Simulium rorotaense and S . maroniense share one unique inversion, as do S . perflavum and S . ‘X’, indicating two pairs of sister species. The anthropogenic S. perflavum probably dispersed into Central Amazonia sometime after the mid‐1970s.