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Role of CD8 + Cell‐Produced Anti‐Viral Factors in Protective Immunity in HIV‐2‐Exposed but Seronegative Macaques Resistant to Intrarectal SIVsm Challenge
Author(s) -
Ahmed R. K. S.,
Nilsson C.,
Biberfeld G.,
Thorstensson R.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.934
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3083
pISSN - 0300-9475
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-3083.2001.00865.x
Subject(s) - simian immunodeficiency virus , cd8 , virology , chemokine , immunology , antibody , immune system , cytotoxic t cell , immunity , biology , virus , viral load , t cell , humoral immunity , in vitro , biochemistry
The cell‐mediated immune response is likely to be important in controlling HIV/SIV infection. There is evidence that β‐chemokines and other, as yet unknown, anti‐viral factors play a role in host defence against HIV infection. We reported previously that HIV‐2 exposed but seronegative cynomolgus macaques developed SIV‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and were resistant to mucosal SIV challenge. The aim of this study was to examine CD8 + cell‐dependent production of β‐chemokines and other anti‐viral factors in these macaques. The animals, selected from among 17 monkeys enrolled in two separate experiments, were either treated with an anti‐viral drug or immunized passively with HIV‐2 antibody‐positive serum. Three of these monkeys were protected against repeated HIV‐2 challenge and were also able to control SIV infection 3 years later. Control samples were obtained from four macaques that became SIV infected and from 39 naïve animals. The three resistant monkeys showed significantly higher production of RANTES and MIP‐1α than the 39 naïve animals. In addition, SIV infection was suppressed by CD8 + cell culture supernatants of these monkeys. However, antibodies to chemokines only partially neutralized CD8 + cell‐mediated SIV suppression indicating that the anti‐viral activity observed in these monkeys was the result of combined action of several inhibitory factors.