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Reduction in Interleukin‐2‐Producing Cells but not Th1 to Th2 Shift in Moderate and Advanced Stages of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type‐1‐Infection: Direct Analysis of Intracellular Cytokine Concentrations in CD4 + CD8 − T Cells
Author(s) -
M. Tanaka,
Hirabayashi,
Gatanaga,
Aizawa,
Hachiya,
Daisuke Takahashi,
Tashiro TASHIRO,
Kohsaka,
Oyamada,
Ida,
Oka
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.934
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3083
pISSN - 0300-9475
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-3083.1999.00627.x
Subject(s) - cd8 , cytokine , immunology , interleukin 2 , interleukin 4 , population , intracellular , t lymphocyte , interferon , interferon gamma , virus , biology , interleukin , virology , medicine , immune system , biochemistry , environmental health
Previous studies have suggested that CD4 + T lymphocytes shift from the Th1 type to the Th2 type during disease progression in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus type‐1 (HIV‐1). In the present study, we used a modified method that allowed a direct measurement of intracellular cytokines in CD4 + CD8 − T cells. A total of 48 HIV‐1‐infected (HIV+) and 16 HIV‐1‐uninfected (HIV‐) individuals were studied. The percentages of CD4 + CD8 − T cells producing interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), or interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) in HIV+ and HIV‐ subjects were 23.6% versus 34.9% ( P < 0.01), 13.7% versus 13.2%, 1.3% versus 1.0%, and 1.2% versus 0.9%, respectively. The population of IL‐2‐producing cells decreased proportionately with reductions in CD4 counts (< 200/mm 3 , 200–500/mm 3 , and > 500/mm 3 to 18.0%, 23.5%, and 30.5%, P < 0.05, respectively). There was an inverse correlation between the percentage of IL‐2‐producing cells and plasma viral load ( r = − 0.446, P < 0.05). However, the percentages of CD4 + CD8 − T cells producing other cytokines were not different between HIV+ and HIV−. Our cross‐sectional study demonstrated a decrease in IL‐2‐producing cells but not the Th1 to the Th2 shift in the CD4 + CD8 − T cell population in the moderate and advanced stages of HIV‐1‐infection.