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Cytokine Production by Lymph Node Cells from Mice Infested with Ixodes ricinus Ticks and the Effect of Tick Salivary Gland Extracts on IL‐2 Production
Author(s) -
GANAPAMO F.,
RUTTI B.,
BROSSARD M.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.934
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1365-3083
pISSN - 0300-9475
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-327.x
Subject(s) - ixodes ricinus , lymph , biology , cytokine , immunology , lymph node , tick , pathology , medicine , virology
In BALB/c mice repeatedly infested with nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks, lymphocytes from axillary and brachial lymph nodes which drain the tick attachment site produced significant levels of IL‐2, TNF‐α and GM‐CSF when stimulated in vitro with Con A or anti‐CD3 antibodies. Cytokine production by cells from lymph nodes of the opposite flank was equivalent to that of cells from uninfested mice. Nine days after the first infestation and IL‐2, GM‐CSF were produced primarily by the CD4 + T cells, while some other cell types contributed also to the TNF‐α production. In mice repeatedly infested, a gradual increase of lymph node cell production of IL‐2 was observed. The IL‐2 levels regularly increased from the first to the third infestation compared to TNF‐α levels which gradually decreased. The in vitro production of GM‐CSF was not affected by successive infestations. Spleen lymphocytes from naive mice produced higher levels of IL‐2 than lymphocytes from axillary and brachial lymph nodes. Both tick salivary gland extracts and D‐mannose inhibited IL‐2 production by these lymphocytes.