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Analysis of the association among three viruses infecting hop in Australia
Author(s) -
Pethybridge S. J.,
Turechek W. W.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.928
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-3059
pISSN - 0032-0862
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-3059.2003.00812.x
Subject(s) - biology , jaccard index , virus , cultivar , aphid , virology , plant virus , veterinary medicine , botany , computer science , medicine , artificial intelligence , pattern recognition (psychology)
Associations among Hop latent virus (HpLV), Hop mosaic virus (HpMV), and Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) were assessed in five hop cultivars at four commercial hop‐growing regions in Victoria and Tasmania, Australia. The presence or absence of each virus was confirmed by double‐antibody sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (DAS‐ELISA). Spatial patterns of virus‐infected plants were characterized using the Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs ( sadie ) system of pattern analysis. The association among viruses (occurrence and covariation) was assessed using the Jaccard similarity index, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and sadie . The spatial pattern of plants infected by HpLV and HpMV ranged from random to highly aggregated depending upon the cultivar infected and the mean disease incidence. The spatial pattern of plants infected by ApMV was aggregated in six of the seven plots where ApMV was present. A strong positive association between HpLV and HpMV was found in all cultivars at all locations. This association may be the result of the viruses sharing a common aphid vector species, the presence of one virus enhancing the ability of the aphid vector to acquire the other virus either through transencapsidation or influences on virus titre, or mixed infections within source plants. Significant associations, positive or negative, were found less frequently between HpLV and ApMV, and HpMV and ApMV.