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Effects of root‐ and stolon‐infecting fungi on root‐colonizing nematodes of white clover
Author(s) -
Zahid M. I.,
Gurr G. M.,
Nikandrow A.,
Hodda M.,
Fulkerson W. J.,
Nicol H. I.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.928
H-Index - 85
eISSN - 1365-3059
pISSN - 0032-0862
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-3059.2002.00686.x
Subject(s) - biology , phoma , macrophomina phaseolina , stolon , alternaria alternata , root rot , trifolium repens , botany , weevil
The effects on white clover ( Trifolium repens ) of different combinations of the nematodes Meloidogyne trifoliophila , Helicotylenchus dihystera and Heterodera trifolii and nine stolon‐infecting and three root‐infecting fungi were studied in a glasshouse experiment. The presence of the fungus Phytophthora megasperma alone increased ( P < 0·001) root‐rot severity and reduced ( P < 0·001) plant growth. Other species combinations, such as Phoma nebulosa and Alternaria alternata , interacted and increased root‐rot severity. Combinations of P. megasperma with Pythium irregulare , and P. nebulosa with Phoma medicaginis or A. alternata , increased M. trifoliophila populations. Several other fungi ( P. irregulare , P. nebulosa , Colletotrichum coccodes , Macrophomina phaseolina , P. medicaginis and Phoma sp.) interacted with the nematode M. trifoliophila causing severe root‐knot symptoms. The results indicated that fungi and nematodes interacted to cause root and stolon rot and reduced yields, and that poor persistence of white clover in pastures is likely to be a problem with a complex etiology.